Avaya Ip Office Upload Wav File for Moh
IP
Updated: 05/16/2020 by Computer Hope
IP may refer to any of the following:
ane. The IP (Internet Protocol) is the fundamental protocol for communications on the Internet. Information technology specifies the mode information is packetized, addressed, transferred, routed, and received past networked devices.
- IP history.
- IP addresses.
- IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
- IP address classes.
- IP address breakup.
- Static vs. dynamic IP addresses.
- How data is sent to an IP address on another network.
- Who assigns IP addresses?
- Other Cyberspace protocols.
- Other IP accost questions and answers.
IP history
Its evolution began in 1974, led past computer scientists Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf. It is frequently used in conjunction with the Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP. Together they are referred to as TCP/IP.
The first major version of the Internet Protocol was version 4, or IPv4. In 1981, it was formally divers in RFC 791 by the Internet Engineering Task Force, or IETF.
The successor to IPv4 is IPv6, which was formalized by the IETF in 1998. It was designed to somewhen supervene upon IPv4. As of 2018, IPv6 governs approximately twenty% of all Internet traffic.
IP addresses
An IP accost is a number identifying of a reckoner or another device on the Internet. It is like to a mailing address, which identifies where postal mail comes from and where it should be delivered. IP addresses uniquely identify the source and destination of data transmitted with the Internet Protocol.
IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
IPv4 addresses are 32 $.25 long (four bytes). An example of an IPv4 address is 216.58.216.164, which is the front page of Google.com.
The maximum value of a 32-bit number is 232, or 4,294,967,296. So the maximum number of IPv4 addresses, which is called its address infinite, is nigh 4.3 billion. In the 1980s, this was sufficient to address every networked device, simply scientists knew that this space would chop-chop get exhausted. Technologies similar NAT take delayed the problem by assuasive many devices to apply a single IP accost, but a larger address space is needed to serve the modern Net.
A major advantage of IPv6 is that it uses 128 bits of data to store an accost, permitting ii128 unique addresses, or 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456. The size of IPv6'due south address space — 340 duodecillion — is much, much larger than IPv4.
IP accost classes
With an IPv4 IP address, there are 5 classes of available IP ranges: Class A, Class B, Class C, Form D and Form East, while but A, B, and C are commonly used. Each class allows for a range of valid IP addresses, shown in the post-obit table.
| Grade | Address range | Supports |
|---|---|---|
| Form A | 1.0.0.ane to 126.255.255.254 | Supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks. |
| Class B | 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 | Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks. |
| Class C | 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 | Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks. |
| Class D | 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 | Reserved for multicast groups. |
| Form E | 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254 | Reserved for future use, or research and development purposes. |
Ranges 127.x.x.x are reserved for the loopback or localhost, for example, 127.0.0.1 is the loopback address. Range 255.255.255.255 broadcasts to all hosts on the local network.
IP address breakdown
Every IPv4 address is broken downwards into four octets (another name for bytes) that range from 0 to 255 and translated into binary to represent the actual IP accost. The table beneath looks at the IPv4 address 255.255.255.255.
| In decimal: | 255 | 255 | 255 | 255 |
| In binary: | 11111111 | 11111111 | 11111111 | 11111111 |
| In octal: | 377 | 377 | 377 | 377 |
| In hexadecimal: | FF | FF | FF | FF |
As some other example, let's break down the IPv4 address 166.lxx.10.23 in the following table. The showtime row contains the separate octets (bytes) of the IP address, represented in decimal. In decimal representation, the rightmost digit is multiplied by 1 (ten0), the 2nd-rightmost digit is multiplied by 10 (101), the third-rightmost is multiplied by 100 (10ii), etc.
The 2nd row of the table shows the same numeric values, represented in binary. In binary, the rightmost digit is multiplied by 1 (20), the second-rightmost digit is multiplied by 2 (ii1), the 3rd-rightmost digit is multiplied by iv (22), etc.
The third row shows how the binary representation tin be converted to decimal, by converting the private digits and calculation the values. Binary digits in bold correspond to the values added.
| Decimal value: | 166 | lxx | 10 | 23 |
| Binary value: | 10100xi0 | 01000110 | 0000i010 | 00010111 |
| Conversion: | 128+32+4+2=166 | 64+4+2=70 | 8+two=10 | xvi+4+2+1=23 |
Static vs. dynamic IP addresses
IP addresses are assigned in 2 different ways. They may be dynamically assigned (they can alter automatically) or statically assigned (they're intended not to change, and must be changed manually). Most home networks use dynamic allocation. Your router uses DHCP to temporarily assign, or "lease," an IP address to your device. Afterward a some time, this lease "expires," and the router renews your sometime accost or assigns you lot a new i depending on the router configuration.
The about common default addresses assigned by home routers are shown below.
| 192.168.one.0 | This number, chosen the network number, identifies the network as a whole, and is not assigned to a device. |
| 192.168.1.1 | The mutual default address assigned to the gateway device. In nigh dwelling networks, the gateway is the router itself. |
| 192.168.1.two | Another common gateway address. Or, it may be assigned to a device on the network. |
| 192.168.1.iii–254 | Assigned to devices on the network. |
| 192.168.one.255 | The circulate accost of the network. Data sent to this accost is automatically circulate to addresses 1–254. |
If you have always tried to alter the settings on your router, you lot may be familiar with the address 192.168.1.1. Unremarkably, this is your router'due south address, if you enter this address into the address bar of your web browser, y'all can open up your router's configuration interface. (Your router's accost may exist different - check your manual.)
How data is sent to an IP address on another network
The following diagram illustrates how your home reckoner might obtain an IP address and ship information to an IP address on another network.
For more information, see: How practise computers connect over the Cyberspace?
Other Internet protocols
IP is one protocol that devices use to communicate on the Internet. Some are used in conjunction with IP, and some are used independently. Examples include SMTP, which is used to transmit email, and HTTP, which is used to transmit hypermedia.
For more information about protocols in general, encounter our protocol definition.
Who assigns IP addresses?
In most local or home networks, the computer and devices on the network are assigned an internal IP addresses by the router. On the Net, IP accost blocks are assigned out by ICANN to ISPs (Internet service providers) who assign you an IP address from their assigned block of addresses.
Other IP address questions and answers
- See your IP address and other organization settings.
- How to observe my IP accost.
- How to determine the IP address of a calculator or website.
- How to employ ping, winipcfg, and other network commands.
- How practise I determine the concrete location of an IP address?
- How exercise I hibernate my IP accost?
- Network and network card help and support.
2. In some Unix-like operating systems, ip is a command that sets or views information about a estimator'due south network configuration. It replaces the deprecated control ifconfig. For more than information most how to apply the ip command in Linux, run into our Linux ip command reference.
3. IP is an acronym for ingress protection, which refers to a physical device's resistance to allowing external contaminants such as dust, water, and vapor, from entering the device. The measurement of this resistance is referred to as the device'southward IP Rating.
4. IP is an acronym for intellectual property. The term refers to original ideas, documents, and technologies that were conceived, developed, and created by an individual or organization. It is often used in context of the belongings's potential value. For instance, "the video game didn't sell well, but the game engine and characters' stories are IP that will bring profit to the visitor for years to come."
Binary, CIDR, Reckoner acronyms, External IP address, ICANN, Internal IP address, Cyberspace accost, InterNIC, IP spoofing, Localhost, Netmask, Network terms, Ping, Protocol, Reserved address infinite, Subnet
Source: https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/i/ip.htm
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