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What Does Non Born Again Mean

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This article is about the Christian term. For other uses, see Built-in Once more.

Evangelical Christian term

Born again, or to experience the new birth, is a phrase, particularly in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human being spirit. In dissimilarity to one's concrete nascency, being "built-in once again" is distinctly and separately acquired past baptism in the Holy Spirit, information technology is not caused by baptism in water. It is a core doctrine of the denominations of the Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "You must be built-in again before you tin can run into, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven." Their doctrines too mandate that to exist both "born once more" and "saved", one must accept a personal and intimate relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [2] [iii] [4] [5] [vi]

In gimmicky Christian usage and apart from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from like terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is beingness or condign a Christian. This usage of the term is normally linked to baptism with water and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to be "born again" (meaning in the "Holy Spirit") oftentimes land that they accept a "personal human relationship with Jesus Christ".[7] [5] [vi]

In addition to using this phrase with those who do not profess to be Christians, some Evangelical Christians use the phrase and evangelize those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This practice is based on the belief that non-Evangelical Christians, even those Christians who are professed Christians, are not "born again" and practise not accept a "personal relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should evangelize to non-Evangelical Christians in the same mode that they would evangelize to people who do not profess the Christian religion.

The phrase "built-in again" is also used as an describing word to describe individual members of the motility who espouse this belief, and it is besides used equally an adjective to describe the movement itself ("born-over again Christian" and the "born-again motion").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting past Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an event in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were not understood by a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you, no 1 tin see the kingdom of God unless they are born once again." "How can someone be born when they are old?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a 2d time into their mother'southward womb to be born!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell you, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are built-in of h2o and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John chapter 3, verses 3–5, NIV[8]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The give-and-take translated as again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could mean either "once more", or "from to a higher place".[nine] The double entendre is a effigy of speech that the gospel author uses to create bewilderment or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is then clarified by either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes only the literal significant from Jesus's statement, while Jesus clarifies that he means more of a spiritual rebirth from higher up. English translations have to pick i sense of the phrase or some other; the NIV, Male monarch James Version, and Revised Version utilise "born again", while the New Revised Standard Version[10] and the New English Translation[eleven] adopt the "born from above" translation.[12] Most versions will note the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "born from above" is to be preferred as the fundamental meaning and he drew attention to phrases such as "birth of the Spirit",[xiii] "birth from God",[fourteen] but maintains that this necessarily carries with it an emphasis upon the newness of the life as given by God himself.[15]

The terminal use of the phrase occurs in the First Epistle of Peter, rendered in the King James Version as:

Seeing ye accept purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, [see that ye] love one another with a pure heart fervently: / Being born again, non of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, past the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.

—1 Peter 1:22-23[16]

Here, the Greek word translated as "born again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish understanding of the promise of salvation is interpreted as being rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, physical lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in fault—that every person must have two births—natural nativity of the physical body and some other of the water and the spirit.[18] This discourse with Nicodemus established the Christian belief that all human being beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must be "born once again" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Apostle Peter further reinforced this understanding in 1 Peter one:23.[19] [17] The Catholic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the primitive church over the interpretation of the expression the seed of Abraham. Information technology is [the Apostle Paul'southward] teaching in i instance that all who are Christ'south by organized religion are Abraham's seed, and heirs co-ordinate to promise. He is concerned, however, with the fact that the hope is not being fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective change wrought in the soul past the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such as new nativity, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the heed, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to light.[21]

Jesus used the "birth" analogy in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine beginning. Contemporary Christian theologians have provided explanations for "born from above" being a more than authentic translation of the original Greek word transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites two reasons why the newer translation is pregnant:

  1. The emphasis "from higher up" (implying "from Heaven") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the give-and-take "again" does not include the source of the new kind of get-go;
  2. More than than personal comeback is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must be from God."[23]

An early example of the term in its more modernistic utilize appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Nascency he writes, "none can be holy unless he be born once more", and "except he be built-in again, none tin can exist happy fifty-fifty in this world. For ... a man should not be happy who is not holy." Likewise, "I say, [a human] may be born once more and then get an heir of conservancy." Wesley as well states infants who are baptized are built-in again, but for adults it is different:

our church supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same time born again. ... Just ... it is sure all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the aforementioned fourth dimension born once more.[24]

A Unitarian piece of work called The Gospel Anchor noted in the 1830s that the phrase was non mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "Information technology was not regarded past any of the Evangelists but John of sufficient importance to record." It adds that without John, "nosotros should inappreciably have known that it was necessary for one to be built-in over again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to apply to Nicodemus particularly, and not to the globe."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to define how closely the stories of Jesus match the historical events they are based on, generally treat Jesus's conversation with Nicodemus in John 3 with skepticism. Information technology details what is presumably a private chat betwixt Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making it unclear how a record of this conversation was caused. In add-on, the chat is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger outcome is that the same problem English translations of the Bible have with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a trouble in the Aramaic linguistic communication too: there is no single word in Aramaic that means both "over again" and "from above", yet the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] Every bit the conversation was between ii Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, there is no reason to recollect that they'd accept spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that even if based on a real conversation, the writer of John heavily modified it to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a born-again question on 3 occasions ... 'Would you say you have been 'born again' or accept had a 'born-once more' experience?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, black, and Latino Protestants tend to respond similarly, with nigh 2-thirds of each group answering in the affirmative. In contrast, but almost 1 third of mainline Protestants and i sixth of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) claim a born-over again experience." Nonetheless, the handbook suggests that "born-again questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... information technology is probable that people who written report a born-again experience besides claim it as an identity."[28]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the archetype text from John iii was consistently interpreted by the early church fathers every bit a reference to baptism.[29] Modern Catholic interpreters have noted that the phrase 'born from above' or 'built-in again'[thirty] is clarified as 'being built-in of water and Spirit'.[31]

Cosmic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the commencement of this new life, are said to come about ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of water and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early on Church building regarded equally taking identify through baptism."[32]

The Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "announcement of the Give-and-take, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of faith, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and admission to Eucharistic communion."[33] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new creature and an adopted son of God;[34] it incorporates them into the Body of Christ[35] and creates a sacramental bond of unity leaving an indelible marking on our souls.[36] "Incorporated into Christ by Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the indelible spiritual mark (graphic symbol) of his belonging to Christ. No sin tin can erase this marking, even if sin prevents Baptism from begetting the fruits of salvation. Given once for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[37] The Holy Spirit is involved with each attribute of the motion of grace. "The outset piece of work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved past grace, homo turns toward God and away from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on high."[38]

The Catholic Church also teaches that under special circumstances the need for water baptism can be superseded past the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of desire', such every bit when catechumens dice or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[39]

Pope John Paul II wrote in Catechesi Tradendae about "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come up for catechesis in the parish without receiving any other initiation into the faith and still without any explicit personal attachment to Jesus Christ.".[40] He noted that "existence a Christian means saying 'yes' to Jesus Christ, merely let usa remember that this 'yes' has two levels: It consists of surrendering to the discussion of God and relying on it, but information technology also ways, at a later stage, endeavoring to know meliorate—and improve the profound meaning of this word."[41]

The modernistic expression being "built-in once more" is really near the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the U.s. Conference of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the acceptance of a personal relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to arrange one'southward life to his."[42] To put information technology more simply "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine commitment to him and a personal decision to follow him as his disciple."[42]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul Two, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required by our modernistic world called the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church herself, to the baptized who were never effectively evangelized before, to those who have never fabricated a personal commitment to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed by the values of the secular culture, to those who have lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[43]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men's Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Armed services Order of Malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal see with Jesus Christ equally a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The built-in-again experience is not merely an emotional, mystical loftier; the really important thing is what happened in the convert's life later on the moment or menstruation of radical change."[44]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church holds that "we are apple-pie of our sins and born again and renewed in Holy Baptism by the Holy Ghost. But she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The Old Adam so that daily a new human come forth and arise who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has again lost the grace of baptism."[45]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Birth, the Moravian Church holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a blithesome experience, in which the private "accepts Christ every bit Lord" after which organized religion "daily grows inside the person."[46] For Moravians, "Christ lived as a man because he wanted to provide a blueprint for future generations" and "a converted person could attempt to live in his image and daily get more like Jesus."[46] As such, "middle religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[46] The Moravian Church building has historically emphasized evangelism, particularly missionary work, to spread the faith.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born once again is mentioned in the 39 Articles of the Anglican Church in commodity XV, entitled "Of Christ solitary without Sin". In office, it reads: "sin, as S. John saith, was not in Him. Simply all we the residual, although baptized and born again in Christ, notwithstanding offend in many things: and if we say we take no sin, nosotros deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and born again in Christ" occurs in Article Xv, the reference is clearly to the scripture passage in John iii:3.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of one'due south regeneration, which is of comfort to the believer.[l] The fourth dimension of one's regeneration, nevertheless, is a mystery to oneself according to the Canons of Dort.[fifty]

According to the Reformed churches being born again refers to "the inward working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to reply to the effectual call". Co-ordinate to the Westminster Shorter Catechism, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to the states the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the discussion, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the piece of work of God's Spirit, whereby, convincing u.s. of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the noesis of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable u.s.a. to embrace Jesus Christ, freely offered to us in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes faith."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole crusade of regeneration or being born again is the volition of God. God first sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and but in effect of that practice nosotros deed. Therefore, the individual is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God volition practice. Regeneration is a change wrought in us by God, not an autonomous human activity performed by us for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Central Yearly Meeting of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine work of initial salvation (Tit. three:5), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. 5:18) and adoption (Rom. 8:15, 16)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Birth], in that location is a "transformation in the heart of the believer wherein he finds himself a new creation in Christ (2 Cor. v:17; Col. 1:27)."[3]

Following the New Nascency, George Fox taught the possibility of "holiness of heart and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new birth" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new nascency is necessary for salvation because information technology marks the motion toward holiness. That comes with faith."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Nascence "is that great change which God works in the soul when he brings information technology into life, when he raises it from the death of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [1] In the life of a Christian, the new birth is considered the get-go work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Articles of Religion, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new birth."[60] The Methodist Visitor in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must exist born again.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you lot. Acknowledge Him to your heart. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains two phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these two phases of the new nativity occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two split and distinct acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial deed of God whereby a soul is granted complete absolution from all guilt and a full release from the penalty of sin (Romans 3:23-25). This act of divine grace is wrought by faith in the merits of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans v:1). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral character of human being, from the love and life of sin to the honey of God and the life of righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:17; i Peter 1:23). ―Principles of Faith, Emmanuel Association of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that a person is born over again when they believe that Jesus died for their sin, and was buried, and rose once again (1 Cor 15:3-four), and that past believing/trusting in Jesus' death, burial and resurrection, eternal life shall be granted as a gift by God (John three:xiv-16, Acts ten:43, Romans 6:23). Those who have been born again, according to Baptist teaching, know that they are "a child of God because the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. balls).[64]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Die Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (first work of grace), entire sanctification (2d work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced by glossolalia, every bit the third work of grace.[65] [66] The New Nativity, according to Pentecostal teaching, imparts "spiritual life".[4]

Jehovah'due south Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that individuals exercise not accept the ability to choose to be born over again, but that God calls and selects his followers "from to a higher place".[67] Only those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to exist born again.[68] [69]

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-solar day Saints [edit]

The Book of Mormon emphasizes the need for everyone to be reborn of God.[70]

Disagreements betwixt denominations [edit]

The term "born over again" is used by several Christian denominations, but there are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to exist born-again Christians.

Catholic Answers says:

Catholics should ask [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are you born again—the way the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has not been properly h2o baptized, he has not been built-in again "the Bible style," regardless of what he may think.[71]

On the other hand, an Evangelical site argues:

Some other of many examples is the Catholic who claims he also is "built-in again." ... However, what the committed Catholic means is that he received his spiritual birth when he was baptized—either as an infant or when equally an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's not what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must exist born again."[72] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which have different meanings for Catholics has become an constructive tool in Rome's ecumenical agenda.[73]

The Reformed view of regeneration may exist set apart from other outlooks in at least ii ways.

Get-go, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known every bit baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may take place at any time in a person's life, fifty-fifty in the womb. It is not somehow the automatic consequence of baptism. Second, it is common for many other evangelical branches of the church to speak of repentance and faith leading to regeneration (i.e., people are born again just afterwards they exercise saving faith). By contrast, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and full depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to practise saving faith. ... Regeneration is entirely the work of God the Holy Spirit - nosotros can practice zip on our own to obtain it. God alone raises the elect from spiritual death to new life in Christ.[74] [75]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used various metaphors to describe its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism by the power of the water and the spirit. This remains the mutual understanding in most of Christendom, held, for case, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[45] Anglicanism,[76] and in other historic branches of Protestantism. All the same, sometime later on the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression built-in again [77] as an experience of religious conversion,[78] symbolized by deep-water baptism, and rooted in a delivery to one's own personal religion in Jesus Christ for salvation. This same belief is, historically, also an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[79] [80] and is connected with the doctrine of Justification.[81]

Co-ordinate to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has often been identified with a definite, temporally datable form of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, it leads to an activation of the capabilities for understanding, to the breakthrough of a "vision". With others it leads to the discovery of an unexpected dazzler in the order of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious meaning of history. With still others it leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of love of neighbour. ... each person affected perceives his life in Christ at any given time as "newness of life."[82]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Born again is a phrase used by many Protestants to depict the miracle of gaining organized religion in Jesus Christ. It is an feel when everything they take been taught every bit Christians becomes existent, and they develop a direct and personal relationship with God.[83]

According to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to be judgmental, making a distinction betwixt 18-carat and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, similar the distinction betwixt liberal and conservative Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems historic, similar the sectionalisation between Catholic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] usually includes the notion of homo option in salvation and excludes a view of divine election by grace alone.[84]

The term born once again has become widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the late 1960s, start in the Us and then around the world. Associated perhaps initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, born again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in order to exist saved from hell and given eternal life with God in heaven, and was increasingly used as a term to place devout believers.[12] By the mid-1970s, born once more Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media as role of the born again movement.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson's book Built-in Again gained international notice. Time magazine named him "I of the 25 nigh influential Evangelicals in America."[85] The term was sufficiently prevalent so that during the year's presidential campaign, Autonomous party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself as "born again" in the first Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a significant role in solidifying the "born again" identity as a cultural construct in the US. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to have a "personal encounter with God." He recalls:

while I saturday solitary staring at the sea I love, words I had non been certain I could understand or say fell from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in Yous. I accept You lot. Please come into my life. I commit it to You." With these few words...came a sureness of mind that matched the depth of feeling in my center. In that location came something more than: strength and serenity, a wonderful new assurance about life, a fresh perception of myself in the globe around me.[86]

Jimmy Carter was the start President of the United States to publicly declare that he was born-once again, in 1976.[87] By the 1980 campaign, all three major candidates stated that they had been born again.[88]

Sider and Knippers[89] state that "Ronald Reagan'southward election that fall [was] aided past the votes of 61% of 'born-once again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.S. adults said they were built-in-again or evangelical; the 2004 percentage is 41%" and that, "Black Americans are far more likely to identify themselves equally born-again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks saying they are born-again, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more likely to say they are born-again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[90]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'born-once more' identification is associated with lower support for government anti-poverty programs." It likewise notes that "self-reported built-in-once more" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economical policy."[91]

Names which have been inspired by the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[92] some common European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croatian Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "born once again".[93]

Run across too [edit]

  • Altar call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held past major Christian denomination
  • Born-again virgin – Person who commits to abstinence later having had sexual intercourse
  • Kid dedication – Act of consecration of children
  • Jesus move – Former evangelical Christian movement
  • Dvija – Twice-born status of Hindu male person afterward Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to any prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Faith. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved 10 Apr 2014. The new birth is necessary for salvation because it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with religion.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. L. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Manual of Religion and Practice of Central Yearly Meeting of Friends. Key Yearly Coming together of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Woods, William W. (1965). Culture and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Faith. Mouton & Company. p. xviii. ISBN978-three-11-204424-7.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of development: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economics in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved xxx July 2011. A senior staff member in Globe Vision'south California office elaborated on the importance of being "born once again," emphasizing a fundamental "relationship" betwixt individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal human relationship with Christ [is] that information technology'south non just a matter of going to Christ or being baptized when you are an infant. We believe that people demand to be regenerated. They demand a spiritual rebirth. The demand to exist born again. ...Yous must be born once more before yous can run into, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved thirty July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the distinction of a born again believer is a personal experience of God that leads to a personal relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Price, Robert K. (1993). Across Born Once more: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Press. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. I take a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John 3:three-5
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick W., et al, A Greek-English Dictionary of the New Testament and Other Early on Christian Literature, third ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically see the beginning (from above) and quaternary (again, anew) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  11. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Culture, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn 1:5
  14. ^ cf. Jn i:12-13; 1Jn 2:29, 3:9, iv:seven, five:18
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.Northward.(ed), The 4th Gospel, Faber & Faber 2d ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter i:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Abroad the Veil: To See Beyond the Curtain of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Dictionary. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-eight.
  19. ^ 1Peter 1:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Promise (in Scripture)". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 15 November 2009.[ane]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Volume III - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". world wide web.ccel.org . Retrieved xi September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Dictionary. 30 July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Woman in the Earth of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Printing, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-6
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel ballast. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [ii]
  26. ^ a b c Ehrman, Bart (2016). Jesus Before the Gospels: How the Primeval Christians Remembered, Inverse, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior. HarperOne. pp. 108–109. ISBN978-0062285201.
  27. ^ "Biblical Errancy: The "Born Over again" Dialogue In the Gospel of John". Biblical Errancy . Retrieved xi September 2019.
  28. ^ The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, OUP, p16.
  29. ^ Joel C. Elworthy, Ed. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture, New Testament IVa, John i-ten (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 2007), p. 109-110
  30. ^ John 3:iii
  31. ^ John iii:five
  32. ^ John F. McHugh, John ane-4, The International Critical Commentary (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), p. 227
  33. ^ CCC 1229
  34. ^ 2 Corinthians 5:17; 2 Peter 1:4
  35. ^ Ephesians iv:25
  36. ^ CCC 1262-1274
  37. ^ CCC 1272
  38. ^ CCC 1989
  39. ^ CCC 1260
  40. ^ "Catechesi Tradendae (Oct 16, 1979) - John Paul II". Retrieved 17 April 2017.
  41. ^ CT 20
  42. ^ a b United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, National Directory of Catechesis (2005) p. 48
  43. ^ United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, National Directory of Catechesis (2005) p. 47
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  45. ^ a b Walther, Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm (2008). Sermons and prayers for Reformation and Luther commemorations. Joel Baseley. p. 27. ISBN9780982252321 . Retrieved 10 April 2014. Furthermore, the Lutheran Church besides thoroughly teaches that we are cleansed of our sins and born once more and renewed in Holy Baptism past the Holy Ghost. But she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, though daily contrition and repentance, drown The Old Adam then that daily a new human being come up forth and arise who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has again lost the grace of baptism.
  46. ^ a b c Atwood, Scott Edward (1991). "An Instrument for Awakening": The Moravian Church building and the White River Indian Mission. College of William & Mary. p. 7, xiv, 20-24.
  47. ^ "What Happened to the Moravians". Clamp Divinity School. 31 March 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
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  49. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 Dec 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as championship (link)
  50. ^ a b "Confirmation and the Reformed Church". Reformed Church in America. 1992. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  51. ^ "Bible Presbyterian Church Online: WSC Question 88". www.shortercatechism.com . Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  52. ^ Shorter Westminster Catechism, Question 31.
  53. ^ Pribble, Stephen. "Do You lot Know the Truth About Being Born Again?". Southfield: Reformed Presbyterian Church. Archived from the original on thirteen April 2014. Retrieved ten April 2014.
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  59. ^ Stokes, Mack B. (1998). Major United Methodist Beliefs. Abingdon Press. p. 95. ISBN9780687082124.
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  61. ^ The Methodist Visitor. Elliot Stock, 62, Paternoster Row, Eastward.C. 1876. p. 137. Ye must be born again." Yield to God that He may perform this piece of work in and for yous. Admit Him to your middle. "Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and one thousand shalt be saved.
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  63. ^ a b Guidebook of the Emmanuel Association of Churches. Logansport: Emmanuel Association. 2002. p. 7-8.
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  65. ^ The West Tennessee Historical Society Papers – Consequence 56. W Tennessee Historical Society. 2002. p. 41. Seymour's holiness groundwork suggests that Pentecostalism had roots in the holiness motion of the belatedly nineteenth century. The holiness movement embraced the Wesleyan doctrine of "sanctification" or the 2nd piece of work of grace, subsequent to conversion. Pentecostalism added a third work of grace, called the baptism of the Holy Ghost, which is often accompanied by glossolalia.
  66. ^ The Encyclopedia of Christianity. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 1999. p. 415. ISBN9789004116955. While in Houston, Texas, where he had moved his headquarters, Parham came into contact with William Seymour (1870–1922), an African-American Baptist-Holiness preacher. Seymour took from Parham the educational activity that the baptism of the Holy Spirit was not the approval of sanctification, but rather a third piece of work of grace that was accompanied past the feel of tongues.
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  79. ^ Fallows, Samuel; Willett, Herbert Lockwood (1901). The popular and critical Bible encyclopædia and scriptural dictionary, fully defining and explaining all religious terms, including biographical, geographical, historical, archæological and doctrinal themes, to which is added an exhaustive appendix illustrated with over 600 maps and engravings. Chicago, Howard-Severance Co. p. 1154. Retrieved 19 October 2009. The New Birth. Regeneration is an important Methodist doctrine, and is the new birth, a alter of center. All Methodists teach that "Except a homo be born over again, he cannot come across the kingdom of God." It is the work of the Holy Spirit and is a conscious change in the heart and the life.
  80. ^ Smith, Charles Spencer; Payne, Daniel Alexander (1922). A History of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Johnson Reprint Corporation. Retrieved xix October 2009. Whatever the Church may exercise, and there is much that it can and should do, for the betterment of homo'south physical being, its primal work is the regeneration of human being's spiritual nature. Methodism has insisted on this as the supreme cease and aim of the Church.
  81. ^ Southey, Robert; Southey, Charles Cuthbert (16 March 2010). The Life of Wesley: And the Rise and Progress of Methodism. Nabu Press. p. 172. Retrieved 5 July 2011. Connected with his doctrine of the New Birth was that of Justification, which he affirmed to be inseparable from it, all the same easily to exist distinguished, as being not the same, merely of a widely different nature. In order of time, neither of these is before the other; in the moment we are justified past the grace of God, through the redemption that is in Jesus, we are also born of the Spirit; but in order of thinking, equally it is termed, Justification precedes the New Nascency.
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  87. ^ Hough, JF., Irresolute party coalitions, Algora Publishing, 2006, p. 203.
  88. ^ Utter, GH. and Tru, JL.,Conservative Christians and political participation: a reference handbook, ABC-CLIO, 2004, p. 137.
  89. ^ Sider, J. and Knippers, D. (eds), Toward an Evangelical Public Policy: Political Strategies for the Health of the Nation, Baker Books, 2005, p.51.
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  92. ^ Oxford Dictionary of Get-go Names
  93. ^ Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary, W. & R. Chambers (1954) p.1355

External links [edit]

  • The New Birth, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley'south teaching on being built-in again, and argument that it is cardinal to Christianity.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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